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How To Soothe a Dog’s Irritated Anus

By
Kate Basedow, LVT
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0
Soothing a dog's irritated anus can be done by first diagnosing the condition.
An irritated anus can be extremely uncomfortable for a dog. Keeping the area clean, applying warm compresses, and using pet-safe medications can help soothe irritation and itchiness while you determine the source of the issue. Credit: Vincent Scherer | Getty Images

Things you never thought you’d do an internet search for, right? But if your dog keeps licking his butt, he’s going to need a little help from you to get some relief. When a dog’s anus is red and irritated, the key is to soothe those delicate tissues without causing harm and then get to the bottom of the problem.

Quick Relief for a Dog’s Irritated Anus

When it comes to how to soothe your dog’s irritated anus quickly, you can provide some relief safely and easily at home using the following methods:

  1. Clean the affected area with a warm, damp cloth or pet-safe wipes.

Many of the causes of anal irritation are messy. If your dog has dried poop, scabs, or pus on his back end, removing this debris can make him feel a lot better. Be gentle when cleaning, as an irritated butt can be painful. It may help to soak caked-on debris to soften it before trying to remove it.

  1. Apply a warm compress.

Hold a warm, damp cloth over the irritated area for 5-10 minutes. This can help to soothe your dog’s anus. It is better to err on the cooler side with the compress, as applying a hot cloth could burn the sensitive skin and cause more damage. You can test the temperature on your wrist or lips—if it’s too hot for you, it’s too hot for the dog.

  1. Apply a pet-safe ointment.

If you have a pet-safe ointment on hand, you can apply a thin layer to the irritated area around the dog’s anus. I really like Veterinus Derma GeL for any small wound—it is easy to use, safe if the dog licks it, and provides both some antimicrobial effect and pain relief.

Why a Dog Might Keep Licking His Butt

For long-term relief, you will need to figure out why your dog’s anus is red and irritated. Some common reasons include:

Diarrhea

Diarrhea isn’t fun. It is uncomfortable and repeated episodes of diarrhea can irritate your dog’s anus. Loose poop getting stuck in the hair and on the skin around the anus only worsens the discomfort.

If your dog is having diarrhea, make sure his bum is clean each time he finishes pooping. A damp cloth can handle small messes but washing off with a hose outside or in the bathtub may be necessary for bigger catastrophes. Keeping his skin clean will help to prevent further irritation.

Diarrhea can be caused by many different things, ranging from eating something foolish to intestinal parasites or viral illnesses. If your dog overall seems happy and healthy, you can withhold all food for 12 hours and then feed a bland diet for a day or two. If the diarrhea lasts more than two days, it’s time to make a vet appointment. Diarrhea and vomiting at the same time is an emergency.

Anal Gland Issues

The anal glands are two sacs located just inside your dog’s anus. Normally they express a little stinky liquid each time your dog defecates. But sometimes they can become overfilled, impacted, or even infected. This is uncomfortable!

The classic sign of anal gland issues is a dog scooting his butt across the ground. Your dog may also lick or chew at his rear end in an effort to relieve the pressure. Scooting, licking, and chewing all irritate the skin around the anus, and can make the discomfort worse.

Minor anal gland impactions can be resolved with manual expression. You can learn to do this yourself at home or you can schedule an appointment for your vet or a vet tech to do it. Manually expressing the anal glands relieves the pressure from the overfilled gland, allowing your dog to get back to business as usual. The color, odor, and texture of the contents can also tell your vet if your dog might have an infection or other problem with the glands.

While waiting for a vet appointment, you can soothe your dog’s irritated anus by applying a warm compress for 5-10 minutes several times a day. This will provide some pain relief and may help to loosen the anal gland contents and make your dog more comfortable.

For many dogs, this is a one-time misfortune. However, some dogs are prone to chronic anal gland issues and may need regular manual expressions, increased fiber in their diet, or in rare cases a surgical procedure. If your dog is frequently scooting his butt or chewing at his back end, it’s time to call your vet.

Allergies

While humans with allergies sniffle and sneeze, dogs scratch and chew. The butt, ears, and paws are common areas where dogs with allergies get red, itchy skin.

If your dog has seasonal allergies, you will only notice his perianal area being irritated at specific times of year. For example, early fall is a common time for many dogs’ seasonal allergies to flare up. Other environmental allergies—such as allergies to dust, indoor allergens, or trees—can be a problem year-round. Food allergies are also consistent and do not let up with the changing of the seasons.

Your veterinarian will help you determine if your dog’s itchiness is due to allergies and parse out whether the cause is likely food, environmental allergens, or a combination of both. She will also diagnose and treat any secondary infections that may have taken advantage of your poor dog’s compromised skin.

Food allergies are treated with diet trials to determine which ingredient(s) give your dog trouble. It can take several months to see complete improvement, but stay the course—it will be worth it once you know what foods your dog tolerates best.

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is an easy way to provide relief for some dogs experiencing an itchy butt from environmental allergies. A general guideline for dogs is one milligram of Benadryl per pound of body weight (meaning a 25-pound dog would get one 25mg tablet) but call your vet to get an exact dose for your dog. Loratidine (Claritin) and cetirizine (Zyrtec) are also helpful for some dogs.

Unfortunately, many dogs with environmental allergies require a more robust, dog-specific treatment plan to keep them itch and irritation free. This may include medicated shampoos, the monthly injectable medication Cytopoint, or the tablets Apoquel or Zenrelia. It can take some trial and error to determine the best treatment plan for your dog, but his itch-free butt will thank you for your persistence.

Fleas

Fleas can bite anywhere on a dog’s body but often focus on the hind end. Each bite is itchy, and dogs with flea allergy dermatitis will experience dramatic swelling, redness, and itchiness all along the back end of the body from even a single bite.

If your dog’s anus is irritated and itchy due to a flea infestation, the solution is to give your dog a bath with Dawn dish soap and then give a prescription-grade flea preventive medication for three consecutive months. Don’t forget to vacuum your house and wash bedding thoroughly to remove any flea eggs or larvae hiding there.

Perianal Fistula

Perianal fistulas are painful draining tracts that can occur around a dog’s anus. You will notice an extra hole or two that has a bloody or pus-like discharge. If you suspect your dog has perianal fistulas, it’s time to make a vet visit.

Perianal Tumor

Dogs can get cancer near the anus. Tumors in this area are more common in intact male dogs, and neutering can often resolve the issue if it is a benign tumor. Malignant tumors and ones in female or neutered male dogs will likely require surgical removal.

While waiting for a vet appointment, you can provide relief for your dog’s anus by applying a dog-safe ointment to the irritated area.

When To See a Vet About a Dog’s Irritated Anus

A dog who keeps licking his butt should see a vet if:

  • He is having diarrhea for more than two days, or has other signs of illness (diarrhea and vomiting is an emergency)
  • He scoots his butt frequently
  • He has sores or wounds around the anus
  • There is bleeding or draining pus coming from anywhere around the anus
  • Itchiness and irritation persists
  • He has a new lump in the area that seems to be bothering him

Top Couch Covers for Dogs

By
Kim Campbell Thornton
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0
A couch cover can prevent dogs like this sleeping King Charles Cavalier Spaniel from damaging a couch.
Dogs can be hard on the furniture but finding the right couch cover can help. The best couch covers for dogs are water- and stain-resistant, don’t slip, and can be easily cleaned. Credit: Branko Mihailovic | Getty Images
When my 14-year-old dog Harper was in her last months of life, I bought a white sofa. She no longer had the ability to jump on the sofa and wasn’t interested in using her steps. And when she was gone, it was our plan to be dogless for a couple of years while we traveled. So why not get a white sofa?
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Practical Dog Clothes

By
Mary Schwager
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0
A jack russel terrier wearing a wet weather dog jacket while exploring the undergrowth of a forest.
Whether it’s protecting them from the elements or helping ease anxiety, dog clothing has a number of practical purposes. Credit: Alexander Pytskiy | Getty Images
Dog clothes, pup apparel, canine costumes, and pooch gear are a booming market. The American Pet Products Association tells Whole Dog Journal that nearly one in four dog parents have clothes for their dog, and that number has increased 35% in the last few years.
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Is That Ringworm or a Hot Spot on My Dog?

By
Dr. Debra M. Eldredge, DVM
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0
Is the sore spot on this dog's nose ringworm vs a hot spot?
If you notice a non-healing lesion on your dog, you might try one of the treatments in our article, like chlorhexidine. But, if it doesn’t heal, you need veterinary help. Credit: Yellow Garnet Photograph | Getty Images

Ringworm on a dog appears as a dry, hairless, circular spot, while a hot spot tends to angry, red, moist lesions that are itchy.

What does ringworm look like on a dog? Ringworm causes small, circular, hairless patches. You may notice scales or crusting, possibly with a red outline on the patches. These tend to be “dry” lesions. While ringworm may be itchy, it is generally a mild pruritus. If it’s itchy, there may be a secondary infection. Note: Ringworm is highly contagious to you and other animals.

What is a hot spot on a dog? Hot spots are usually angry, red, moist lesions. They come on fast and are painful and itchy. Most lesions start out small but grow rapidly as your dog licks and chews. The shape of the lesion is usually irregular. There may be a pus like or yellow serous discharge. Hot spots are often a warm-weather problem.

Ringworm vs. Hot Spots in Dogs

RingwormHot Spot
CauseFungal infectionVaries; most common is a bacterial infection
AppearanceDry, scaley, usually circular patchesAngry, red, moist lesions that are painful and itchy
ContagiousYes to other animals and humansNo
Common CausesContact with another infected animal, bedding, or soilFleas, allergies, wet undercoat such as from swimming
TreatmentAntifungal medicationsAntibacterial cleansing solutions

Both disease processes may appear on the head and neck, with hot spots often showing up under a dropped ear or on the hip or groin area as well. While ringworm is a primary skin problem, hot spots have an underlying cause such as allergies or flea infestations.

Treatment of Hot Spots in Dogs

Treatment for a hot spot is relatively uncomplicated. Because the lesions are “wet,” you want to dry the area. Start by trimming the hair around the hot spot. Long hairs will delay healing and irritate the sore area. Hot spots are painful, so enlist a helper to restrain your dog and consider the use of a muzzle.

Chlorhexidine is a popular medicinal antibacterial cleaning solution. Clean gently, then dry gently. Your veterinarian may recommend an ointment or a powder (foot powder often works well). If the site was badly infected, antibiotics may be dispensed. A low, tapering dose of a corticosteroid may be prescribed to help with the pruritus (itching).

Pain medications may be dispensed for the first couple of days post diagnosis. It is important to keep your dog from going back and licking and chewing at the hot spot again. An Elizabethan collar may be necessary.

Try to determine the underlying cause, which is likely fleas or allergies. Treat those to prevent recurrence (getting rid of fleas is not easy). However, it may be something as simple as not drying your dog completely after a swim on a hot, humid day.

Treatment of Ringworm in Dogs

Treating ringworm is more complicated due to its contagiousness. You may need to treat all your pets. If you only have the one dog, you can try isolation to contain the fungus.

The hair itself may have fungal spores, so you need to clean and disinfect the house thoroughly. Vacuum and mop daily, taking precautions to keep you ringworm-free as well. All bedding, toys, bowls, and grooming tools need to be frequently and carefully cleaned.

Antifungal baths and topicals may work for a limited infection caught early on, but most dogs will need a prescription for an antifungal medication.

Both these skin infections use require the help of a veterinarian. Delaying the help of your vet with makeshift remedies will make treatment longer and more difficult.

The Best Collapsible Dog Crates

By
Jae Thomas, CPDT-KA
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0
Collapsible dog crates are a friend to sporting dogs and their traveling owners.
In addition to being comfortable for the dog, a good collapsible dog crate should be easy to use, clean, and transport. Credit: Jae Thomas

A collapsible dog crate can be a godsend. If you travel with your dog regularly and they’re used to sleeping in a crate at night, having a foldable option you can bring along makes things easier for both you and your pup.

Dog sport enthusiasts will also often use collapsible dog crates at trials for agility, scent work, dock diving, and rally to keep their dog contained (and rested) while they wait for their turn to compete.

Whether you’re going on a trip or taking your dog to do something fun, a collapsible, portable dog crate will give your pup a designated place to rest while you’re on-the-go.

Traits We Want in a Collapsible Dog Crate

Ease of use: A collapsible dog crate should be easy to take down and put up. Ideally, one person should be able to do the setup, take down, and transport of the crate. The best collapsible crates can be assembled in 2-3 minutes or less.

Easy to clean: Collapsible dog crates should also be easy to clean. Since they’ll be traveling with you in most cases, collapsible crates will likely get dirtier than their stationary counterparts that stay in the home, so washable materials are best.

Portability: A collapsible dog crate should fold down to a size that’s easy to get in and out of a car. Bonus points go to crates that have carrying handles or other features that make them easy to transport.

Size range: All sizes of dogs can benefit from collapsible crates, so we gave extra points to options with large size ranges, so you can travel with your Chihuahua or your Great Dane.

Before you pick a collapsible crate for your furry friend, make sure you’ve brushed up on crate training techniques with your dog trainer and have measured your dog to find the right size crate for them.

The Best Collapsible Dog Crates

Whole Dog Journal RatingProduct and MakerPriceSizesNotes
Midwest Lifestages Double Door Folding Dog CrateStarting at $393.5 paws Midwest Lifestages Double Door Folding Dog Crate
Starting at $39 22”, 24”, 30”, 36”, 42”, 48” This folding wire crate isn’t perfect, but it’s fairly durable, decently easy to put up and take down, and is budget friendly. While it isn’t the easiest to transport, it’s workable. 		This folding wire crate isn’t perfect, but it’s fairly durable, decently easy to put up and take down, and is budget friendly. While it isn’t the easiest to transport, it’s workable.
Impact Collapsible Dog CrateStarting at $76430”, 34”, 40”, 40”+, 48”, 54”This crate is incredibly durable and easy to set up and take down, but it’s heavier and more expensive than other options on this list.
EliteField 3 Door Folding Soft CrateStarting at $5520”, 24”, 30”, 36”, 42” The EliteField 3 Door crate comes with built-in door covers, so you don’t need to bring an extra sheet or blanket to cover your dog. It’s also washable and comes with a handy carrying bag and a fleece crate pad.
Diggs Revol Dog CrateStarting at $500Small (28.5”), Medium (34.6”), Intermediate (421.2”), Large (45.3”)Revol Dog Crate folds down and sets up in seconds and has two doors, but it’s heavy, expensive, and has a few other minor quirks that eliminated it from our list of winners.
Orvis Hose-Off Folding Travel CrateStarting at $160Small (31.2”), Medium (36”), Large (42”)The Orvis Hose-Off crate is quite sturdy as a soft crate and comes with a plush fleece bed. It’s a bit heavier and bulkier than the EliteField option on this list and lacks some of the extra details the EliteField boasts. It’s also pricier.

Best Collapsible Dog Crate: Midwest Lifestages Double Door Folding Dog Crate

Collapsible dog crates like the one pictured hear can provide comfort to dogs traveling.
The Midwest Lifestages Double Door Folding Dog Crate is sturdy, budget-friendly, and easy to use but can be a bit cumbersome to transport. Credit: Jae Thomas

Wire crates can be a pain, but there’s a reason they’re so popular. They’re durable enough to contain most dogs who are properly crate trained, are fairly quick and easy to assemble and disassemble (minus some occasional finger pinching), come in a huge variety of sizes, and are budget-friendly in comparison to other crate options.

The Midwest Lifestages Double Door Folding Dog Crate is one of the most popular dog crates on the market and it held up well during testing. It’s not so lightweight that dogs can easily escape from it, but it’s not so heavyweight that it’s a pain to move around. It folds down to a reasonable size but can be loud in the car due to rattling of the metal.

It has a front door and a side door so you can orient it in different ways and has a pan that can easily be pulled out and cleaned if needed. This crate also has a paw-blocking feature which prevents your dog from tampering with the door latch while they’re inside.

The Midwest Lifestages crate ranges from $39 to $84 depending on the size chosen, so it’s one of the sturdier yet still affordable collapsible dog crate options.

Despite the downsides, a wire crate is the best option for most families and most dogs, given their low cost, size ranges, and decent durability and portability.

Most Durable Collapsible Dog Crate: Impact Collapsible Dog Crate

Plastic collapsible dog crates can provide a durable chew proof alternative to wire or fabric crates.
If your dog chews on wire crates or simply needs something sturdier, the Impact collapsible crate is a good option. Credit: Jae Thomas

If your dog is sure to escape from (or destroy) a soft-sided or a wire crate, the Impact Collapsible Dog Crate is the way to go. This heavy-duty option is made of high-grade aluminum and is wildly sturdy. It also meets air travel guidelines for pet owners who may need to travel with their dog in the future and comes with a lifetime warranty.

This crate is fairly easy to set up—once you’ve learned to do it properly. The top of the crate, which needs to be unlatched and pulled straight up to assemble, is quite heavy. Those who aren’t strong or mobile may not be able to carry or assemble this crate comfortably by themselves.

Plastic collapsible dog crates can be heavier than alternative materials.
Although it folds down well and is extremely durable, the Impact crate is heavy enough to make it difficult to transport. Credit: Jae Thomas

When folded, the crate is fairly streamlined, though it’s bulkier and heavier than other crates on this list. It ranges from 28.5 pounds up to 70 pounds depending on the size chosen, so it’s not a lightweight option. However, it does come in a 54” size, making it one of the best large collapsible dog crate options on the market—ideal for owners of XL and giant breeds.

The Impact crate is very secure and even calming for many dogs. I use this crate when I take my Collie to dog shows and because of the more enclosed design, I find that she stays calmer and rests better than if she were in a crate she could fully see out of on all sides (like a wire crate). It features a lock on the front (with matching key), which I use if I’m going to be away from the crate for any period of time.

The biggest downside of this crate, aside from the weight, is the high price. It ranges from $764 up to $2,167, so it’s a huge investment.

Best Collapsible Soft Crate: EliteField 3 Door Folding Soft Crate

Fabric collapsible dog crates can provide a lightweight alternative for dogs that don't chew or try to escape.
If your dog is trustworthy and doesn’t chew on or escape from crates, a soft crate like the EliteField 3 Door Folding Crate is a lightweight option. Credit: Jae Thomas

As someone who travels to dog sports events frequently, the EliteField 3 Door Folding Soft Crate is my favorite soft crate option. It’s lightweight, easy to assemble and disassemble, and completely washable. Both the inner bed cover and the crate cover itself can be put in the washing machine for easy cleaning.

My favorite features of this crate are the built-in door covers, which are great for dogs who settle more easily when their crates are covered. This crate also comes with a carrying bag that has a long shoulder strap on it, making it easy to bring along while traveling.

Collapsible dog crates can include door and window covers for seclusion.
The EliteField 3 Door Folding Crate includes built-in door covers, making it easy to give a dog a more secluded space to rest. Credit: Jae Thomas

Like most soft crates, this isn’t the most durable crate option and shouldn’t be used for puppies or dogs who chew or escape their crates. Because it’s so lightweight, dogs who move around a lot could also potentially flip it over while they’re inside. A soft crate is best for dogs who are calm and well-acclimated to their crates and who won’t chew on fabric or zippers.

My one qualm about this crate is that the inner fleece bed it comes with isn’t the best quality. My dog tends to dig at bedding while she gets comfortable and the bed this crate came with has already seen some wear and tear from that. I usually bring along a second, more supportive bed to put in this crate, especially when I’m doing extended traveling with my dog.

Other Collapsible Dog Crates We Tested

Diggs Revol Dog Crate

I wanted to love the Diggs Revol Dog Crate. It has a variety of cool, useful features, like wheels for easy transport, wildly quick assembly/disassembly, and a side door that moves up and down garage style.

However, this crate is heavy, bulky, and inconvenient to travel with. When collapsed, there’s nothing that keeps it folded, so it can be a pain to move around. The wheels on the bottom, though a great idea, aren’t always super functional. They’re very small and prone to getting stuck in cracks or on rocks/other debris, and are very loud when used on hard surfaces like concrete or asphalt. The side door could also open/close smoother.

With a price range from $500 to $1,050, I’d expect some of these quirks to be ironed out.

Orvis Hose-Off Folding Travel Crate

Collapsible dog crates have a range of build qualities and options.
The Orvis Hose-Off crate is well-made but comes with few extra features and is more expensive than other similar options. Credit: Jae Thomas

When it comes to soft-sided, collapsible dog crates, the Orvis Hose-Off Folding Travel Crate is sturdier and feels a bit more well-made than the EliteField option, but it’s also bulkier, heavier, and more expensive. Despite having heavier, sturdier poles inside and thicker material, it still won’t contain a dog who wants to get out of a soft crate.

If your dog is well-behaved in a soft crate, the cheaper, lighter EliteField is a better value, and comes with extra features the Orvis model doesn’t have (like a carrying bag and built-in door covers).

Should I Feed a Dog Dental Diet?

By
Dr. Mary Cope, PhD
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8
A dog dental diet is an excellent compliment to tooth brushing and dental chews.
Feeding dog dental diet can help, but dog dental care isn’t that simple. Including daily teeth brushing and dental chews rounds out a strong dental-care plan for your dog. Credit: Wavetop | Getty Images
When it comes to dog dental care, a holistic approach that combines nutritional care, thoughtful home care, and proven products is essential. Periodontal disease affects an overwhelming majority—over 80% according to the Cornell DogWatch newsletter—of dogs 3 years old or older.
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Pigmentary Keratitis in Dogs

By
Dr. Debra M. Eldredge, DVM
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0
A Pug dog showing the breed's characteristic facial profile.
A Pug’s facial design increases the dog’s chances of developing the eye disease pigmentary keratosis. Credit: Clark and Company | Getty Images

Pigmentary keratitis occurs most often in brachycephalic dogs, like Pugs, although it can be seen in other breeds. In simplest terms, pigmentary keratitis is the buildup of melanin or pigment on the surface of the cornea. The pigment will appear brown or black. It can build up enough to block vision.

Unfortunately, the conformation of brachycephalic breeds predisposes them to several health conditions, including ocular ones like pigmentary keratosis. Genetics may also be at work.

What Causes Pigmentary Keratitis in Dogs?

Irritation to the cornea stimulates the pigment deposits. This can be caused by eyelids that roll in, so the eyelashes or hairs rub on the cornea. It can be caused by eyelids that droop, allowing dust and plant material or irritate the cornea. In some cases, irritation is caused by abnormal eye lashes.

Less commonly, direct trauma to the cornea or the rubbing of even benign eyelid tumors may stimulate pigment production. Anything that interferes with blinking or tear production may also lead to corneal damage and pigment production.

The short muzzles of brachycephalic dogs, often with nasal skin folds,  mean the hair is closer to the eye. The large, round eyes are open to irritants, including things like blowing dust.

Diagnosing Pigmentary Keratosis in Dogs

Your veterinarian can usually diagnose pigmentary keratosis during a routine office visit, but some vets may suggest referral to a veterinary ophthalmologist for the latest in treatment. Often, a fluorescein stain of the cornea will be done to check for any corneal ulcers that might accompany the pigmentary keratitis as that would mean adjustments in medications.

Can You Treat Pigmentary Keratosis in Dogs?

Many cases of pigmentary keratitis are managed medically. That means eye drops or eye ointments, often multiple times a day. Be sure to follow dosing directions exactly. Immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporine or tacrolimus are fairly standard. Artificial tears, as drops or ointments, may be added if your dog also has “dry eye” or a lack of tear production called keratitis sicca.

Along with medical therapy, surgical treatment may be suggested. This surgery is done on the eyelids to correct an eyelid that turns in (entropion) or droops outward (ectropion) or to remove abnormally located eyelashes. Excessive skin folds may be removed. Those corrections would prevent the constant irritation to the cornea. Your veterinarian may perform these surgeries themselves, or they may refer you to a veterinary ophthalmologist.

Preventing Pigmentary Keratitis in a Dog

Can you prevent pigmentary keratitis? Not really. When choosing a puppy, try to pick one with a less extreme “flat” face and search for breeders with more moderate dogs. If your dog has an extreme brachycephalic face, he will be prone to this eye disease.

If you notice any pigment moving onto the cornea, have it evaluated early on before any permanent visual damage is done.

Try to avoid dusty conditions. If you have fans blowing to keep your dog cool, mop or vacuum to reduce dust. Avoid fields during dusty and dry conditions or that have lots of plant material that could irritate the cornea.

Why Does My Dog Lick the Couch?

By
Debby McMullen, CDBC
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0
Jack Russell dog licking lips on sofa.
A dog who shows signs of excessive licking should be evaluated for possible medical or behavioral issues.

I have often been asked by clients, “Why does my dog lick everything?” Sometimes the reasons are medical and sometimes they’re behavioral. In general, licking everything is normal puppy behavior resulting from exploration and learning about one’s environment. Of course, that does not make it desirable. Redirection rather than correction can prevent licking from becoming obsessive.

Aside from puppy licking, however, one must evaluate the context when determining whether licking the couch or licking the floor is a behavioral or a medical issue. Obviously, if you have a toddler (or a teenager!) and the furniture and the floor are catch basins for your offspring’s snack crumbs, then your dog is an opportunist and licking the floor and the couch for food fragments. That one is easy.

Why Does My Dog Lick Everything?

Insecure dogs often use licking as a signal of “I mean you no harm, please like me.” This is typically directed at the humans in the family, in varying ways. It can be directed toward the face or limbs or other parts of your body, even surfaces that humans are on. Licking behavior can also be directed toward other animal family members, including other dogs and even cats. Grooming the other animal family members can often be a part of that ritual.

Kiss to Dismiss is behavioral but for a different reason than listed above.  This lick is a “go away” lick. It’s meant to create space between the dog performing the lick and the object of his licking. This can be directed at visitors, children in the family, even other animal family members. This is why context is important in determining the reason a dog is licking. (Dog behavior expert Jennifer Shyrock is responsible for coining the term “Kiss to Dismiss.”)

Other behavior-focused licking reasons include:

  • Boredom
  • Attention seeking
  • Anxiety and stress
  • Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)

If you suspect your dog is licking due to odd behavior, consultation with a veterinary behaviorist or a trainer with a certification in behavior is indicated.

Medical Reasons Your Dog May Lick the Floor and More

One of the most common medical causes of unusual surface licking in dogs is canine cognitive disorder, also known as doggy dementia. This symptom can be especially prevalent in the evening. Other possibilities include:

  • Pain is a common reason for your dog licking, including licking himself or his lips.
  • Gastrointestinal issues are one of the biggest causes of this issue. If the licking is sudden and urgent seeming, an immediate trip to a veterinarian is in order.
  • Nutritional deficiencies have been theorized to cause licking.
  • Dental pain as licking may be an attempt to self-sooth.
  • Neurological issues are also a potential cause. Context is important here as well.
  • Adrenal conditions like Cushing’s disease can cause odd licking behavior in dogs. Keeping a log of the context can assist your veterinarian with solving this puzzle.

First rule out medical causes with your veterinarian. Once medically cleared, you can consider meeting with a qualified behavioral consultant to help you with a plan to address the unusual licking behavior.

In addition to making sure that your dog is getting adequate physical and mental enrichment, the behavior plan should include how to properly redirect your dog’s attention while teaching them coping skills and better self-soothing options.

Natural Tick Repellents for Dogs

By
CJ Puotinen
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5
Can natural tick repellents prevent ticks like this one from latching onto a dog.
When it comes to natural tick repellents for dogs, there are several effective choices for both DIY and over-the-counter products. Credit: Aitor Diago | Getty Images
. Disease-carrying ticks are on the move, expanding their habitat thanks to warmer and milder winters, which allow them to survive longer and increase their ability to transmit pathogens to pets and people.
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Vet-Recommended Dog Chews

By
Dan Muse
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1
Small dog chewing on a large chew bone. Veterinarian-recommended chew bones often start with those listed on VOHC.com
Vet-recommended dog chews often do not include rawhide, but they almost always state that the size of the chew should be appropriate for the dog. Credit: Capuski | Getty Images

Dog chews have real benefits. They can help with dental health, help alleviate anxiety, and provide mental stimulation. And, most dogs just love to chew.

“Chewing is your canine friend’s equivalent to scrolling through social media posts when you want to kill a few extra minutes,” according to American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA). “Bored dogs are often naughty—barking excessively, digging, and destroying your belongings—so encouraging appropriate chewing is important.”

Of course, as with any consumer product, navigating the wide array of options can be overwhelming.  This article will help you make informed choices, ensuring your dog’s safety and well-being, including dental chews, anxiety-reducing chews, and allergy chews. (Also, check out Whole Dog Journal’s test of seven popular chews.)

Whole Dog Journal is reader-supported. If you purchase through links on our site we may earn a commission. Whole Dog Journal does not accept money for its food and product reviews.

Vet-Recommended Dog Dental Chews

Veterinary professionals and organizations like the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) and the AAHA recommended products accepted by the Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC) when choosing a dog dental chew.

Dental disease is one of the most common health problems in dogs. It can lead to pain, infection, and even health issues affecting the heart, kidneys, and liver. While daily tooth brushing is most effective for at-home care, supplementary dental chews, which can help scrape away plaque and reduce tartar buildup are a valuable addition to your dog’s oral hygiene routine.

The VOHC seal is an independent indicator that a product has undergone scientific testing and is proven to reduce plaque and/or tartar. In short, a VOHC seal on a dental chew means a team of experts verified that the product is safe and effective.

Popular VOHC-accepted options include:

Greenies: Greenies have multiple products and sizes.
Earned the VOHC seal for helping to control both plaque and tartar.

WHIMZEES: This brand of vegetarian dental chew is well-known for their unique shapes.
Earned the VOHC seal for effectiveness in reducing plaque and tartar.

OraVet Dental Hygiene Chews: These chews are formulated to create a barrier to help prevent bacteria from attaching to a dog’s teeth.
Earned the VOHC seal for tartar control.

C.E.T. VeggieDent Chews: Virbac offers plant-based chews.
Earned the VOHC seal for helping to control plaque and tartar.

Purina DentaLife: A popular, consumer-friendly brand daily oral care treats.
Earned the VOHC seal for helping to control tartar.

Milk-Bone Brushing Chews: Known for ridged texture designed to scrub teeth as the dog.
Earned the VOHC seal for tartar control.

Pedigree Dentastix: This brand is widely available.
Earned the VOHC seal for helping to control tartar.

The VOHC’s official list is extensive and includes many product types, flavors, and sizes.

In addition to VOHC seal of acceptance look for ingredients like chlorophyll, enzymes, and zinc gluconate, which can further aid in oral health.  While dental chews are beneficial, they are not a substitute for regular professional dental cleanings by your veterinarian.

For other types of chews, veterinarians recommend a nuanced approach to other chew types:

Dog Calming Chews: Easing Anxiety Naturally

 If your dog suffers anxiety due to separation, thunderstorms, travel, or other triggers, calming chews can offer a solution. Many chews use natural ingredients like L-tryptophan, chamomile, passionflower, or hemp-derived compounds (such as CBD, where legal), even, according to some research reports,  melatonin.

These ingredients work to promote relaxation. When selecting a calming chew, look for products with third-party testing to ensure purity and accurate dosing. Your vet can advise on the appropriate type and dosage for your dog’s specific anxiety level.

According to a Cornell DogWatch article, 83% of dogs given CBD chews prior to a stressful event showed a decrease in stress or anxiety-related behaviors. However, Cornell DogWatch warns that more research with different CBD products and dosages is needed. For that reason, it’s especially important to consult with your veterinarian about CBD chews.

No-Hide Chews: A Safer Alternative to Rawhide

Rawhide chews have been proven to bring significant risks, including choking, digestive upset, and intestinal blockages. “Rawhide is difficult to digest due to it being a byproduct of leather, making it difficult for a dog’s digestive system to break down. This creates a risk of obstruction in the esophagus or intestines if a dog swallows a large piece,” according to the Preventivevet.

A Cornell report concurs, adding that in addition to rawhide, “Chewing hard objects can result in either gradually wearing or fracturing of teeth. Use caution when offering your dog any hard objects including bones, antlers, hooves, and hard manufactured toys.” As a rule of thumb, if you can bend or flex the object, it is less likely to fracture a tooth. Additionally, if something is too hard for you to chew, then you should not allow your pet to chew it.

No-hide chews are a safer alternative and are typically made from digestible proteins like chicken, beef, or pork. They are designed to break down more easily in a dog’s digestive system, reducing the risk of obstruction.

Dog Allergy Chews: Soothing Itchy Skin and More

Symptoms of allergies in dogs include itchy skin, paw licking, ear infections, or digestive issues. Allergy chews often contain ingredients aimed at supporting skin health and immune function. Common ingredients include omega-3 fatty acids, quercetin (a natural antihistamine), spirulina, and probiotics. These ingredients work to reduce inflammation, strengthen the skin barrier, and regulate the immune response. If your dog is experiencing allergy symptoms, your first step is to contact your veterinarian to diagnose and treat specific allergens and develop a plan, which may include chews.

Vet-Recommended Options for Aggressive Chewers

Some dogs make short work out of chews that may be marketed as long-lasting. Aggressive chewers require durable, safe chews that can withstand their powerful jaws without splintering or posing a choking hazard. Also, long-lasting chews provide mental stimulation and keep energetic dogs occupied. For these dogs, vet-recommended options often include:

  • Rubber toys: Brands like Kong offer durable rubber toys that can be stuffed with treats, providing a long-lasting challenge without the risk of splintering.
  • Hard cheese chews: Made from yak and cow milk, these chews are hard and long-lasting, gradually softening as your dog chews them.
  • Nylon or polymer chews: Tough, nontoxic synthetic chews are designed to withstand aggressive chewing and are specifically designed for this purpose.

Something to Chew On

Choosing the right chew for your dog involves careful consideration of your dog’s individual needs, chewing style, age, and any health concerns. One dog might take a long time to chew through the same chew that another dog gnaws slowly. Never leave your dog unattended when he’s chewing on anything; there is always a risk of choking.

Overall, by prioritizing general vet-recommended products, talking with your own veterinarian, and doing your research on the benefits and risks of different types of chews, you can provide your canine companion with safe, enjoyable, and beneficial chewing experiences.

Coccidia in Dogs

By
Dr. Mary Cope, PhD
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0
Puppies sniffing grass, a common way they can be exposed to coccidia parasites.
Coccidia is most common in puppies, who are happy to sniff whatever is near them, including another pup’s poop. Credit: Svetlana Belkina | iStock

Coccidia are common intestinal parasites that impact dogs, particularly puppies and immunocompromised animals. While this may sound alarming, coccidiosis in dogs, the disease caused by the coccidia parasite, is treatable and preventable with proper hygiene and prompt veterinary care.

 

 

What Are Coccidia in Dogs?

Coccidia are microscopic, single-celled organisms known as protozoa. They infect the intestinal lining of dogs and reproduce within the cells of the intestinal tract. Unlike some parasites, coccidia cannot be seen with the naked eye and require microscopic examination of a fecal sample for proper diagnosis.

How Did My Dog Get Coccidia?

Dogs, especially puppies, typically become infected with coccidia by ingesting oocysts, the parasite’s hardy eggs, which are shed in the feces of an infected animal. These oocytes can survive in the environment for extended periods of time, particularly in warm, moist conditions like kennels, dog parks, or the soil in yards.

A dog may ingest the oocytes by licking contaminated surfaces, eating contaminated food or soil, or having contact with infected feces. Once ingested, the oocysts go under changes that allow the organism to invade the cells of the dog’s intestinal lining, leading to inflammation and gastrointestinal upset.

Coccidiosis is most common in puppies under 6 months of age because their immune systems are still developing and are less able to fight off infection. Stress, such as weaning or relocation, can further weaken a puppy’s immune system and make them even more vulnerable to infection.

Adult dogs can also become infected, although they may not show signs of infection and can act as asymptomatic carriers, shedding and spreading the parasite to more vulnerable animals.

What Does Coccidia Cause in Dogs?

The symptoms of coccidiosis can vary based upon the dog’s age, immune status, and the severity of infection. In mild cases, there may be no visible symptoms. More commonly, infected dogs may experience:

  • Watery or diarrhea, with mucous and/or blood
  • Dehydration
  • Vomiting
  • Weight loss
  • Lethargy
  • Pot-bellied appearance

Left untreated, especially in puppies or dogs with underlying health issues, coccidiosis can lead to severe dehydration which can be life-threatening if left untreated.

Diagnosis is made by a veterinarian through a fecal flotation test, where the stool sample is examined under a microscope for the presence of oocysts.

Treatment for Coccidia in Dogs

Treatment involves prescription antiparasitic medications that help stop the parasite from reproducing. Treatment may last five to 14 days, depending on the severity of infection. In severe cases, supportive care such as fluids, electrolytes, and a diet for sensitive stomachs may be needed to help stabilize the dog.

If your dog tests positive for coccidia, sanitation is key. Avoid visiting high-traffic areas, like dog parks and kennels, with puppies or young dogs. Remove any feces from your yard and bag it for disposal. Wash toys and bedding and keep the areas your dog frequents sanitized. While there is no vaccine for coccidia, good sanitation, stress reduction, and early intervention can go a long way in controlling its spread.

Preventing Coccidia Infections in Dogs

Coccidia spreads easily though contaminated feces and the environment, but with early detection and appropriate treatment, most dogs recover quickly. Responsible pet care, including routine vet visits, fecal screenings, and maintaining sanitary conditions can help prevent infection and keep your dog happy and healthy.

What Can I Wash My Dog With (That Isn’t Dog Shampoo)?

By
Mary Schwager
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3
What can you use to wash your dog that isn't dog shampoo? Baby shampoo? Dish soap?
If your dog needs a bath but you don’t have any dog shampoo in the house, there are several alternatives that can help. Credit: meaghanbrowning | Getty Images

Some dogs have a knack for rolling in disgusting, decaying, and dreaded guck. It usually happens when the pet supply shops and the groomer are closed and that bottle of dog shampoo you had in your cabinet is nearly empty.

You scratch your head and think, “What can I wash my dog with that isn’t dog shampoo?”

You start frantically rummaging through your house, looking for anything that might be a dog shampoo alternative, mumbling to yourself, “Hmmm, is Dawn dish soap safe for dogs? Is baby shampoo safe for dogs? Wait, can you use human shampoo on dogs?”

We surveyed the experts, and while you shouldn’t make a habit of it, you can use some of these products to wash your dog in case of a malodorous emergency. However, there are some caveats.

Here’s why: Human shampoo is formulated for humans. Dog shampoo is made for dogs. When you use a non-dog shampoo on your pooch, it could cause irritation, dandruff, or even skin ulcers that need medical attention.

“Dog skin is not as thick as human skin,” says veterinarian Mitzi Clark, an assistant clinical professor of dermatology at Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine. “The outer layer of the skin is thinner in dogs, so it’s much easier to strip that outer layer of a dog’s skin and dry it out.”

And anything you use on a dog’s skin seeps into their system faster than it would in a human.

“It’s easier to penetrate the outer layer of a dog’s skin, the epidermis, and get to the dermis, which is the layer of skin that has the blood vessels where the ingredients could be absorbed into their system,” Dr. Clark says. “Dogs, in general, due to having thinner skin, just don’t have as much protection against the world as other species, including humans. It’s one of the reasons they probably have more issues with bacterial infections, allergies, and other diseases that predispose their skin to those conditions.”

So knowing dogs generally have more sensitive skin than humans, how should you answer the question: What can I wash my dog with that’s not dog shampoo? Here’s what you need to know.

Is Dawn Dish Soap Safe for Dogs?

Dawn dish soap is well known in animal rescue circles for working miracles. Rescuers use it to de-grease wild animals soaked in oil after spills and help dogs and cats covered in fleas and ticks. It’s also the main ingredient in a DIY skunk smell-removing shampoo.

“It’s a really potent degreaser, that’s why we use it to degrease our dishes,” Dr. Clark says. “It’s very stripping to a dog’s outer layer of skin, so the biggest issue is that it can be drying.”

But if you have a doggone disaster, Dawn dish soap is typically safe for dogs.

“It wouldn’t be something we would recommend doing weekly, or on an ongoing basis, or for a long time,” Dr. Clark says. “But if you have a situation where, ‘My dog just rolled on a dead animal,’ it’s something you could reach for in a pinch, and most animals are going to tolerate it fine.”

Avoid getting dish soap in your dog’s mouth, eyes, and ears. Their ear canals are more sensitive than their skin.

“Dilute the dish soap in some water first, so you can get more mileage out of it, rather than just slapping it on one section of the dog,” says extension veterinarian Aly Cohen from the Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine. “Be sure to really, really rinse your dog thoroughly so you don’t have any leftover residue in the fur or the skin that could sit there and cause some irritation.”

Can You Use Human Shampoo on Dogs?

If you have a favorite shampoo that makes your hair glossy, shiny, and silky, that’s likely because it’s designed for humans. It might not do the same for your dog. Before you consider using human shampoo on dogs, check the ingredients.

“Some of the more natural products that contain essential oils can be a problem,” Dr. Clark says. “We’ve seen reactions to tea tree oil, citrus oil, and citronella oil. You have to be careful using shampoos with essential oils on dogs. Some of them can be quite harmful; those are things I would steer away from.”

Our experts also recommend steering clear of using human shampoos that contain parabens, phthalates, and formaldehyde on dogs.

“I would try to avoid anything that’s heavily fragranced with perfumes or extra scents,” Dr. Cohen says. “Those can be a little harsh, irritating, or sometimes even toxic, if they happen to ingest any of it.”

Can You Use Baby Shampoo on Dogs?

Is baby shampoo safe for dogs? You may think, “If it’s gentle enough to use on a baby, it must be OK for dogs, right?” Not necessarily.

“Baby shampoo will generally be a little bit milder than regular human shampoo,” Dr. Cohen says. “But they’re generally still formulated for human skin.”

Make sure the baby shampoo doesn’t contain any of the ingredients that can be harmful to dogs, which are sometimes found in human shampoos.

Before you dive into your cabinet looking for dog shampoo alternatives, remember that if your dog is covered in something that’s not oily, greasy, or smelly, you can just use water to rinse them off; no shampoo is needed. Unless dogs have a medical condition and need special shampoo and baths, they don’t typically need to be bathed regularly.

While not ideal, turning to dish soap, human shampoo, or baby shampoo when you have a putrid predicament may be the stink-reducing rescue potion you need; with the proper precautions, these products could work as dog shampoo substitutes. You may also be able to make your own dog shampoo from ingredients you have on hand.

Keep in mind that there’s no guarantee your dog won’t have a problem or reaction to any of these alternatives, even if you use shampoo made for dogs. Every dog and product is different.

“After using a new shampoo, keep an eye on them,” Dr. Clark says. “If they’re a little bit flaky, but the dog doesn’t care, fine. If they get red and irritated, they may need veterinary care. I think probably the most important takeaway is that even though dogs are family members, pet parents need to understand that their skin is different. Not everything safe for humans is necessarily safe for dogs.”

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