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The Best Dog Nail Grinders

The best dog nail grinders offer a combination of ease of use and quiet to make trimming your dog's nails easy.
When testing dog nail grinders, we preferred options that were cordless, rechargeable, and effective without being too loud or difficult to hold. Credit: Jae Thomas

When shopping for a nail trimmer for dogs, you may want to consider whether a traditional nail clipper or a dog nail grinder is a better fit. Dog nail grinders often get closer to the quick (the blood vessels and nerves at the core of your dog’s nail) than clippers without as much risk of making them bleed. This makes grinders a great option for regular nail maintenance if you want to keep your dog’s nails short.

Alternatives to Dog Nail Grinders

Nail grinders and nail clippers don’t work for every dog. While any nail-trimming method requires training, the noise and vibration can be too much for some dogs to ever get used to. If your dog isn’t a good candidate for a nail grinder, consider one of the best dog scratch pads for fear free nail trims. A scratch pad is a great alternative to grinding down your dog’s nails manually and helps them have agency in their care which can help build confidence.

Here’s everything you need to know about shopping for one of the best dog nail grinders:

Traits We Want in the Best Dog Nail Grinders

Cordless: The best dog nail grinders should be cordless, so you’re not tethered to a wall outlet. Having more flexibility to move around while you do your dog’s nails is more comfortable for you and your dog.

Rechargeable: Batteries are expensive, so we prioritized options that have rechargeable batteries. Now, when your grinder dies, you won’t have to run to the store if you’ve run out of batteries.

Performance: We tested each of the dog nail trimmers on this list with a variety of different dogs, including dogs with thick, strong nails, and dogs who are still building their confidence around nail grinders. We noted how effective each grinder was at trimming the nails down quickly and how often it needed to be recharged. We also noted options that were comfortable to hold in hand and that had easy-to-adjust settings.

Sound level: Some dog nail grinders are louder than others and the sound level that’s best for you will depend on your dog’s comfort level. Sensitive dogs who find loud noises aversive or who are still learning to tolerate the grinder may do better with a quieter option. However, the more powerful picks that are better for strong nails are often on the louder side.

The Best Dog Nail Grinders

Whole Dog Journal RatingProduct and MakerPriceNotes
Dremel PawControl 7760-PET Dog Nail Grinder and Trimmer$64The Dremel PawControl 7760 is a great dog nail grinder for both newbies and experienced groomers. It’s powerful enough for most dogs while not being overly loud or cumbersome to handle. It also features a wide variety of different sanding tool options that are easy to swap out.
Ryobi USB Lithium Rotary Tool$60Though it’s not technically made for dogs, this Ryobi rotary tool is seriously heavy-duty and a good pick for large dogs with strong nails. It’s rechargeable, and though not the quietest, gets the job done ridiculously quickly.
Casfuy Dog Nail Grinder$20If your dog is sensitive to noise, this 2-speed Casufy Dog Nail Grinder is the quietest option on this list, though it lacks the power of the other two picks. It’s a great choice for puppies and dogs who still need to build positive associations with their nail grinder.

Best Dog Nail Grinder: Dremel PawControl 7760-PET Dog Nail Grinder and Trimmer

The Dremel PawControl 7760 was our pick for best dog nail grinder.
With good power, four speeds, and a safety guard that helps get the right angle, the Dremel PawControl 7760 was our favorite dog nail grinder. Credit: Jae Thomas

The Dremel PawControl 7760-PET Dog Nail Grinder and Trimmer has it all: it’s powerful, has multiple speed settings, isn’t too loud, and has a safety guard for those who aren’t comfortable using a dog nail grinder without one. The safety guard on this grinder is unique in that it guides pet parents to trim their dogs’ nails at a 45-degree angle using a sanding disc and collects the dust, too. It’s a little easier to manage for first-time nail grinder users than traditional options.

If you’re a more experienced groomer, it’s also simple to swap between the sanding disk and safety guard for the other tip options. You’ll get 9 different sanding options in this kit including sandpaper bands, smoothing tips, and more.

The Dremel PawControl 7760 also has four speed settings and is strong enough to grind down most dogs nails in a reasonable amount of time while still being easy to hold.

Despite the power, it’s not overly loud, so it’s a solid choice for most dogs unless they’re very noise sensitive. It’s also rechargeable, so you won’t have to worry about buying and replacing batteries when it dies.

Best Dog Nail Grinder for Large Dogs: Ryobi USB Lithium Rotary Tool

The Ryobi was the e best dog nail grinder for dogs with thick strong nails.
If you have a big do with strong nails, the Ryobi USB Lithium Rotary Tool is a powerful option for nail trims. Credit: Jae Thomas

The Ryobi USB Lithium Rotary Tool isn’t technically for dog nails, but it’s worth using as a dog nail grinder if you need something powerful and heavy-duty. It’s not the quietest option on this list, but it is the strongest. For dogs with strong, thick nails, this option makes nail trims quicker. The sandpaper bands it comes with work well, but adding a diamond bit to it increases the grinding speed by a significant amount.

It features a rechargeable lithium battery that charges via a USB-C port and the battery usually lasts a few months of weekly nail trims.

Note that this option doesn’t have a safety guard, so you should be comfortable using a grinder to trim your dog’s nails to use this one. Instead of set speeds, it has a dial to go faster or slower, so you can find your perfect speed.

For long-haired dogs, it’s possible to get their coat stuck in the grinder, but it does have an auto-safety shutoff if that happens.

Best Budget Dog Nail Grinder: Casfuy Dog Nail Grinder

The Casfuy was the best budget dog nail grinder, and the quietest of those tested.
While the Casfuy Dog Nail Grinder lacks the power of the other grinders we tested, its quiet operation makes it a good choice for noise sensitive dogs or dogs unfamiliar with nail grinders. Credit: Jae Thomas

Whether you have a young puppy, a dog who is noise sensitive, or a dog who’s never had their nails ground down before, a quiet option may help ease them into it. The Casfuy Dog Nail Grinder is easily the quietest option on this list and comes with two speed settings.

However, the quiet sound also pairs with less power. It’s strong enough for puppies and small dogs with nails that aren’t super thick and strong, but for large breeds, you’ll likely want a grinder with more power and additional speed settings.

This option is also rechargeable and lasts about 2 hours on a single charge. It has three different “ports” for different sized nails in a built-in safety guard. The grinder tip is a diamond bit, which is better quality and needs to be replaced far less often than sandpaper tips.

 

Symptoms of Dog Poisoning

A dog eyeing a tasty plate of chocolate chip cookies which can lead to a poisoning.
Leaving something tempting within your dog’s reach—like yummy chocolate chip cookies—can result in an accidental poisoning.

For an obvious possible poisoning, such as you know your dog scarfed up a chocolate bar or a got into a bottle of prescription medicine, immediately call a pet-poison help line. These animal poison-control centers do charge a fee (around $90 to $100), but if you think your dog ate something poisonous, there is no time to waste. Call:

If you know what the dog consumed, have all the information handy you can quickly gather:

  • Name of the medication or product
  • How much of the item you think the dog may have consumed (ounces, number of pills, what type of chocolate)
  • When you think the dog ingested the poison
  • Dog’s approximate weight
  • Any health problems, like kidney disease, the dog may have

Critical note on rat poison: If you think your dog ate rat poison, there is no time to waste. Grab the container, if you can. There are a few different types of rat poison, and it’s critical to know which kind your dog ate and, hopefully, approximately how much. Your veterinarians will use this information to formulate the best plan for saving your dog.

If you are encouraged to make your dog vomit (NOT every poisoning means you should make the dog vomit), follow directions exactly. Hydrogen peroxide is a standby for inducing vomiting, but it is not benign. In my experience, it helps to move your dog around after you dose it to stimulate throwing up. Your job is not done then either. You need to go through the vomited material and count pills if medication is involved.

Common Canine Toxins

According to Cornell DogWatch, the most common toxins ingested by dogs include:

  • Albuterol inhalers
  • Antifreeze
  • Batteries
  • Cannabis
  • Chocolate
  • Disposable hand warmers
  • Electronic cigarettes (vapes)
  • FireStarter logs
  • Food oxidizer packs
  • Garlic
  • Grapes and raisins
  • Household cleaners
  • Human medications
  • Insect bait
  • Liquid fuels
  • Macadamia nuts
  • Mushrooms
  • Onions
  • Pennies
  • Rat poison
  • Silica gel packs
  • Snakes
  • Toads
  • Xylitol

Signs of Poisoning in Dogs

Obvious cases, as scary as they are, are easier than when you notice your dog is simply acting odd and it crosses your mind that he might have been exposed to a toxic substance. But, poisoning is not something to ignore or to take a “wait and see” stand on.

Cornell University’s College of Veterinary Medicine lists these signs of poisoning in dogs:

  • Lethargy
  • Loss of appetite
  • Vomiting (with or without blood)
  • Jaundice
  • Bloody stools

Many of the symptoms of poisoning in dogs—like lethargy, vomiting, and diarrhea—can fit many health conditions as well as poisoning. While your dog may or may not have ingested a poison, these signs warrant attention no matter what.

Heavy drool or foaming at the mouth: Your dog may have eaten something that irritated his mouth. Licking a poisonous toad can create waterfalls of saliva! While one family member dials the vet, another member should be rinsing out your dog’s mouth.

Elevated temperature: If you take your dog’s temperature and it is unusually high or low, poisoning is a possibility. High temperatures can result from muscle tremors or seizures or may cause seizures. Any temperature extreme justifies a vet visit.

Difficulty breathing: Problems with respiration can come from many causes. If your dog is struggling to breathe, breathing rapidly, and has bright red, pale or gray/blue gums, he is in trouble and needs immediate emergency care.

Swollen muzzle: You look at your dog and realize his muzzle is swollen to double normal size. Odds are this is an allergic reaction, but it could be from bee venom as well. Snake-bite reactions tend to be lower limbs, but facial swelling can occur with these too, especially if your dog was trying to grab the snake.

If you think your do was bit by a snake, grab a picture of the snake, if you can. Antivenom works for dogs, just like people.

In the case of a bee sting, most dogs will get some swelling and pain but nothing more serious. Other dogs may have an anaphylactic reaction just like some people, including respiratory trouble. That means a rush to the nearest veterinary clinic. If your dog falls in that group, you should discuss getting an EpiPen from your veterinarian along with instructions on how to use it.

How to Get Dog Poop Out of a Carpet

Getting dog poop out of a carpet needs quick action.
The more quickly you address a carpet stained by dog poop, the successful you will be in removing it. Credit: Yaraslau Saulevich | Getty Images

Every dog owner experiences accidents at some point. Whether you are house-training a puppy, caring for a senior dog, or dealing with an upset stomach, finding dog poop on your carpet is never a pleasant surprise.

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The Best Dog Dental Chews

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The best dog dental chews provide oral hygiene and a treat at the same time.
Dog dental chews can be a great way to supplement your dog’s oral hygiene routine. Look for VOHC-approved dental chews that taste good and are properly sized for your dog. Credit: Jae Thomas

Dog dental work is expensive, so it’s best to stay on top of your dog’s oral hygiene from the get-go to save yourself costly vet bills later. Along with regular brushing, the best dog dental chews are a great way to help keep your pup’s teeth healthy.

Dog dental chews are not a one-to-one replacement for dog toothbrushes, dog toothpastes, or other dog teeth cleaning products, but should instead be thought of as a complement to your pup’s dental routine.

Whole Dog Journal is reader-supported. If you purchase through links on our site we may earn a commission. Whole Dog Journal does not accept money for its food and product reviews.

Traits We Want in the Best Dog Dental Chews

VOHC-recommended: The Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC) is a governing body that tests and certifies the effectiveness of dog dental products. Though not all products on this list are VOHC-recommended, this is a good place to start with your research for the best dog dental chews. VOHC dog dental chews have been tested and approved for use in plaque and/or tartar in dogs.

Size options: The best dog dental chew for your dog will also depend on their size. Dental chews should be appropriate for your dog’s size so as not to become a choking hazard. Look for options that are the right size for your dog. Remember, even if you choose a dental chew appropriate for your dog’s size, always monitor them while they’re chewing.

Palatability: A dental chew can’t help clean your dog’s teeth if they don’t chew on it, so palatability is of the utmost importance. We tested each of the dental chews on this list with a variety of dogs (including picky ones) to see which ones will be the most well-received by your canine pals.

Whole Dog Journal RatingProduct and MakerPriceNotes
WHIMZEES by Wellness Brushzees Dental ChewsPrice varies by size, from $0.25 to $2.56 per chewWhimzees Brushzees feature natural ingredients, are VOHC-approved for both tartar and plaque, and took the longest for our super chewer tester dog to eat.
GreeniesPrice varies by size and flavor, from $0.29 to $1.10 per chewAvailable at most pet and grocery stores, Greenies are well-loved by most dogs and come in a wide variety of flavors and sizes. They’re also VOHC-approved for both plaque and tartar, though our tester dogs ate them significantly faster than the Whimzees of similar size.
OraVet Dental Hygiene ChewsPrice varies by size from $1.03 to $1.93 per chewOraVet chews are fantastic for bad breath, as they contain a compound called Delmopinal HCI, which is commonly used to treat plaque and gingivitis in humans, and helps prevent plaque from sticking to your dog’s teeth long term and turning into tartar.
Purina Pro Plan Ora Chews$1.14-$1.67 per chew based on amount purchasedThis vet-backed dental chew is ideal for dogs with sensitive stomachs or for pups who are watching their weight. They’re low fat and low calorie, so they’re unlikely to upset your pup’s tummy. However, they only come in one size.
Woof Bite n' Brush Dog Toothbrush Toy$20If you want to make dental chew time more enriching (and more effective) the Woof Bite n’ Brush toy holds a dog dental chew and gently rubs your dog’s teeth with rubber bristles while they work to eat the chew inside. It’s like letting your dog brush their own teeth.
Purina Pro Plan Veterinary Diets Dental Chewz$11.49 per boxThe only rawhide VOHC-approved option, the Pro Plan Dental Chewz offer long-lasting chewing and enrichment for your dog, but they feature an artificial color in the ingredient list.

Best Dog Dental Chew for Plaque and Tartar: WHIMZEES by Wellness Brushzees Dental Chews

Whimzees are our pick for the best dog dental chews.
Long-lasting, palatable, and VOHC-approved, Whimzees Brushzees are our top choice for dog dental chews. Credit: Jae Thomas

The WHIMZEES by Wellness Brushzees Dental Chews are VOHC-approved for both tartar and plaque. This treat also has a shorter, friendlier ingredient list than some of the other options we tested, making it a good choice for pet parents who prefer simple, natural ingredients. They’re also vegetarian, so they’re safe for dogs with specific protein allergies or sensitivities.

The shape and texture of the Whimzees Brushzees seemed to encourage the longest chewing sessions for our tester dogs—even the super chewers. Where some dog dental chews encourage biting off and swallowing pieces, Whimzees genuinely get them to gnaw and chew. My super chewer Border Collie/American Staffordshire Terrier Mix took about 10 minutes to eat this chew, which was the longest of any chew on this list. The longer the chewing session, the more manual plaque removal happens on your dog’s teeth, so these are a great choice for pet parents looking to keep their pup’s teeth free of gunk.

Note that Whimzees come in a few different shapes (and come in a variety pack value box), but not all of the recipes are VOHC-approved, though the ingredient list is nearly identical across the different shapes.

Runner-up Best Dog Dental Chew: Greenies

Greenies: They’ve been beloved by dogs for ages. They’re approved for plaque and tartar buildup by the VOHC, are widely available, are reasonably priced, and come in a variety of sizes and flavor formulas—so you’re sure to find one your dog likes.

The classic Greenies (chicken flavor) are one of the most palatable options on this list: many dogs find them to be extremely high value. They also come in blueberry, sweet potato, and weight management formulas, alongside size options for dogs from 5 to 100 pounds.

Best Low-Calorie Dog Dental Chew: Purina Pro Plan OraChews

OraChews by Purina are a good dog dental chew for dogs with a sensitive stomach.
If your dog has a sensitive stomach or needs a low-calorie dental chew, Purina Pro Plan OraChews are a good option. Credit: Jae Thomas

If your dog has a specific diet, a sensitive stomach, a history of pancreatitis, or simply can’t tolerate treats high in calories or fat, the Purina Pro Plan OraChews are your best bet. These vet-backed chews are ideal for supporting your dog’s dental health without giving them too many calories or potentially upsetting their stomach.

These chews only come in one size, which may make them difficult to count calories for very small dogs. For dogs under 40 pounds, it’s recommended to break these chews in half, and give one whole chew over two days.

Best Dog Dental Chew for Bad Breath: OraVet Dental Hygiene Chews

OraVet Dental Hygiene Chews have an ingredient most other dog dental chews don’t: Delmopinal HCI. This compound is commonly used in human mouthwashes and is used to treat plaque and gingivitis. At a basic level, it keeps plaque from sticking to your dog’s teeth. Plaque turns into hardened tartar when left on your dog’s teeth, so these chews may help prevent tartar formation.

My vet regularly recommends OraVet Chews, and I use them for my dogs frequently. I notice that they leave my pup’s breath smelling fresher than other options, especially when used daily. The only downside of these dog dental chews is that they may turn some dogs’ poop a bluish/greenish color, and they seem to be less tasty to dogs than other options on this list.

Best Dog Dental Chew Toy: Woof Bite n’ Brush Dog Toothbrush Toy

The Woof Bite n' Brush is both a dental chew and a dog toy.
The Woof Bite n’ Brush offers both enrichment and dental hygiene. Credit: Jae Thomas

If you’d like to add some mechanical cleaning to your dog’s dental hygiene plan that doesn’t include brushing with a toothbrush, the Woof Bite n’ Brush Dog Toothbrush Toy is a good option. This handy toy features spaces to insert Woof’s matching dog dental chews, and bristles that will manually scrub your dog’s teeth as they enjoy their chew. As an added bonus, it makes chew time last longer, making it ideal for pups who tend to inhale or swallow large chunks of their dental chews instead of chewing them into smaller pieces.

Other Dog Dental Chews We Tested:

Purina Pro Plan Veterinary Diets Dental Chewz

The only rawhide chew that’s been VOHC-approved for cleaning your dog’s teeth, the Purina Pro Plan Veterinary Diets Dental Chewz are a long-lasting dental chew option. Where other softer chews will be gone in a few minutes, the Pro Plan Dental Chewz offer your dog more enrichment and chewing time, which in turn will remove more tartar from their teeth mechanically. The main downside of these chews, however, is the ingredient list. It includes artificial color Yellow 5, which kept these chews from a spot on our best-of list.

DIY Dog Toys

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DIY dog toys can be a fun and safe alternative to expensive dog toys.
Old socks stuffed with cloth can make great DIY soft toys for dogs. Credit: smrm1977 | Getty Images

With prices rising, homemade dog toys can be a fun way to spoil your dog on a budget. From cardboard rolls to elaborate snuffle mats, there are DIY dog enrichment toys for every play style and every dog lover, crafty or not.

Safety Tips for DIY Dog Toys

First, it’s important to remember that all toys, homemade or storebought, should be monitored for damage. Discard any toys that have been ripped or chewed if there is potential for your dog to cut his mouth on a sharp edge or swallow small pieces.

When making dog toys at home, there are two things to keep in mind:

  1. Is this item safe for my dog?
  2. How will my dog engage with this item and will he enjoy it?

To ensure safety, consider the materials you are planning to use, what the materials’ previous use was, and how your dog will interact with the toy. Many items, such as fabrics, cardboard, and plastic food containers, are safe for your dog to carry and lightly chew but should not be swallowed—heavy chewers will need to be watched particularly closely or given something else. Also, be sure to avoid materials that are brittle and likely to shatter.

Clean containers thoroughly before using them to make toys. Avoid containers that housed toxic substances such as antifreeze or cleaning products. Remove labels, tape, and any adhesive residue so that your dog does not consume them.

How To Make DIY Dog Toys Fun for Your Dog

When it comes to making toys your dog will enjoy, think about your dog’s play style: does he like to shred and destroy, or is he more into chasing and pouncing? Is he a tugger or a swimmer? Does he live for food?

For our destructo dogs, a simple DIY dog toy that he is allowed to rip to pieces can bring maximum joy—just pick up the pieces when he is done. Toys to chase and retrieve can also be pretty simple. For dogs who love to tug, make toys that will hold up to pressure, and for water toys, buoyancy is a must.

Food hounds can enjoy a variety of toys. A homemade snuffle mat allows your dog to sniff and forage for his treats, or you can make a roller ball that dispenses food as your dog moves it around.

Household Items as DIY Dog Toys

A variety of household items can be fun for dogs to play with and require minimal effort:

  • Cardboard rolls from inside toilet paper, paper towels, or wrapping paper—perfect to toss, roll, chase, and destroy. Pick up the pieces when Fido is done shredding it.
  • Crumpled paper ball—this is best for puppies and small dogs. Crumpled paper bounces unpredictably, plus your dog gets the fun crinkle sound when he grabs it!
  • Empty water bottle—fun to toss, chase, and crunch. Discard when your dog punctures the bottle or starts to chew on the cap. Extend life by knotting the water bottle inside an old knee sock.
  • Empty milk jug—fun to toss, chase, and crunch. Some dogs prefer them as is, while others like them crushed for easier grabbing. Discard when your dog punctures the jog or starts to chew on it.

DIY Dog Tug Toys

Tug toys can be made from many different things. Choose the materials, length, thickness, and sturdiness to fit your dog’s preferences. Discard tug toys as soon as they start fraying.

Here are some ideas for making tug toys:

  • Braided fleece
  • Braided strips of old clothing or towels
  • Braided rope or paracord
  • One or more tennis balls or lacrosse balls strung onto a rope
  • Stuff a section of fire hose material with old socks and sew the ends closed—can use a strip of nylon webbing as a handle

DIY Dog Food Dispensing Toys

Orange and gray handmade felt snuffle mat unfolded on white background, pet dog enrichment toy product flatlay concept
If you have access to a sewing machine, you can sew together strips of fleece to make a snuffle mat for your dog. Credit: Ирина Мещерякова| Getty Images

Snuffle mats are a popular option to make at home. One easy, completely washable option is to sew strips of fleece onto a flat piece of fleece. This creates pockets and folds where treats can be hidden. If you are a skilled sewer, you can sew more intricate shapes, pockets, and folds into your mat for added challenge. Scatter treats across the mat and tuck them into folds for your dog to sniff and find.

A no-sew method to make a snuffle mat is to start with a flexible sink mat that has holes. Thread strips of fleece through the holes and knot them to create loops of fabric. Fill the entire mat to create a dense, shaggy surface. Scatter treats across the mat for your dog to find.

Rolling treat dispensers can be made out of any sturdy plastic jug or bottle. Drill or cut a few holes in the side of a clean, empty jug, then place treats inside the jug and replace the cap. Treats should be slightly smaller than the holes so that they will fall out as your dog rolls the jug around.

Another option is to place treats inside the empty bottle and leave the cap off. As your dog knocks the jug around, treats will fall out the opening. This is more challenging for your dog, as he will have to tip the jug to get the treats to fall out the opening.

Supervise your dog while playing, and remove the treat roller once all the treats are gone. Discourage chewing on the jug.

Make a heavy duty treat roller using thick PVC piping. You will need a section of PVC pipe, caps for the ends, and a drill to put holes in the sides. Drill holes large enough for treats or kibble to fall through, fill with goodies, then cap the ends. Supervise your dog while playing and pick up the toy when all of the food is gone. PVC is too hard for chewing and could fracture your dog’s teeth.

Homemade Stuffies and Squeaky Toys for Dogs

You can sew your own soft toys using all or partly recycled parts. Use old clothing for the outer part of the toy—choose denim or cotton duck for extra durability. Cut out the shape you want and then use that piece to trace a second identical shape. Sew around the edges most of the way and turn it inside out to hide the seams. Then stuff the toy with old socks and gloves and sew the opening closed! Add in a squeaker if desired.

Not much of a seamstress? Stuff an old tube sock with bits of fabric and clothing, add a squeaker if desired, then knot the sock closed. You can do the same thing with a pillowcase if your dog prefers giant toys!

Your Guide to Fibrosarcomas in Dogs

Sarcomas in dogs are local cancers that can be removed without much issue.
Checking your dog for a fibrosarcoma can be as simple as petting your dog over his entire body and feeling for a lump. Credit: Bread and Butter Productions | Getty Images

Sarcomas in dogs are nasty tumors. The word “sarcoma” even sounds nasty to me. Osteosarcoma (cancer in the bone) and hemangiosarcoma (cancer of the blood vessels) have very poor prognoses in dogs.

The less-known fibrosarcoma, or soft-tissue sarcoma in dogs, falls under the broad term “spindle-cell” tumor or sarcoma. A fibrosarcoma forms in the cell lines that form connective tissue, blood, fat, and muscle. Fortunately, a fibrosarcoma is typically local in nature, meaning it’s less likely to metastasize to other places in the dog’s body.

Sarcomas tend to be solid masses, although they may contain cysts. Sarcomas are often palpable in or beneath the dog’s skin. Rarely they will ulcerate to the outside. Some of the masses are slow growing while others have spurts of rapid growth.

Where Are Fibrosarcomas on Dogs?

Most fibrosarcomas are on the extremities or on your dog’s body, including head and neck. They can grow in the mouth or nasal cavity or, rarely, in bones, but most are in or just below the surface of the skin. If the cancerous growth involves nerve sheaths, your dog may be painful or have an abnormal gait.

Sarcomas tend to be associated with chronic inflammation. Causes for chronic inflammation include foreign bodies and radiation therapy. While soft-tissue sarcomas have been associated with vaccine sites in cats, that association has not been established at this time in dogs.

Middle-age and senior dogs are at greatest risk, especially large and giant breeds such as Irish Wolfhounds, Doberman Pinschers, and Golden Retrievers. Puppies rarely get fibrosarcomas, but if they do, they are VERY aggressive tumors.

Nose and oral tumors have a slightly higher incidence in male dogs. Anecdotally, this is related to more sniffing.

Typical Symptoms of Fibrosarcomas in Dogs

Fibrosarcomas often start off like any lump. Smooth, not painful, might or be movable in the skin. While tending to be slow growing, they do grow and may eventually ulcerate as they outstrip their vascular supply. This type of cancer is more likely to be locally invasive than to have distant metastases.

Fibrosarcomas can be difficult to notice right away, unless you’re a dog owner who routinely does a body check for lumps and masses (and we all should!). Depending on where the fibrosarcoma is located, you may observe oral problems with eating, drooling, or bad breath. If it’s nasal, you may notice difficulty breathing, snorting, or sneezing. If it’s on the dog’s body, you will likely feel an odd lump. Don’t forget to do regular full body scans with your hands, including between the toes, down the legs, and under the belly.

What to Tell Your Vet about Your Dog’s Lump

If you bring your dog into the vet for a lump, having this information with you may be help with deciding the next step:

  1. When did you first notice the lump?
  2. Has it been growing?
  3. Does the lump seem painful?
  4. Has your dog acted abnormally (pain, not eating, no energy)?

Diagnosing Sarcomas in Dogs

Diagnosis is generally by a fine-needle aspirate. Your veterinarian will look at stained slides and likely send the slides to a veterinary pathologist. An alternative is a biopsy, which can be surgical slice of the mass or an excisional biopsy, where the plan is to remove the entire growth.

You may be surprised when you pick your dog up after a biopsy or surgical removal of a sarcoma. While the growth might have felt like a grape-sized mass, the incision will often be much bigger. That is due to the propensity of these cancers to be locally invasive. Your veterinarian wants “clean margins,” which means no sign of cancerous cells when tissue samples are examined by a pathologist.

Treatment for Sarcomas in Dogs

Depending on how aggressive the dog’s sarcoma is, radiation therapy may be recommended as a follow-up treatment. Chemotherapy has not been as successful but may work for some cancers. Many of these masses will recur so periodic rechecks are important.

Be sure to ask your veterinarian when you should return for checkups, how long the recovery will be from surgery, what symptoms might indicate an emergency, and if there are any activity changes required.

The existence of these soft-tissue sarcomas serves to remind dog owners of the need to do a hands-on evaluation of their dogs, ideally once a month. If you identify any lumps, rack their growth and appearance (take pictures and measurements!). If there is any question in your mind, have your veterinarian do a fine-needle aspirate.

The Best Car Seats for Dogs

A cheerful dog strapped into a specialized car seat for dogs looks happily at the camera from the back an SUV through an open rear door.
The safest dog car seats, like the Tavo Maeve shown here, are suitably-sized, crash-tested, and keep the dog contained in the vehicle. Credit: Courtesy of Tavo

Some dogs like to snooze on the back seat, others prefer to sit where they can see everything, and all dogs like to be comfortable riding in the car. Dog car seats are dedicated restraints that position dogs in soft, structured seats attached to the vehicle’s seat belt system or anchor points.

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How Smart Are Dogs? Exploring Canine Intelligence, Abilities, and Surprising Facts

How smart are dogs? Often that depends on the individual dog, and how often they get to use their smarts.
Along with providing enrichment, puzzle toys can help your dog develop their problem solving skills. Credit: Cappi Thompson | Getty Images

Dogs constantly amaze us with their extraordinary abilities. There’s no doubt our four-legged family members are intelligent, but just how smart are dogs?

Researchers are racing to learn as much as they can, as canines are caught in a cultural shift: They’re being asked to do more than they ever have, from saving soldiers on the frontlines to detecting when a child is going to have a seizure to being expected to sit calmly in a cafe.

The more we understand canine cognition, the better our relationships with dogs can be.

What is Dog Intelligence?

Researchers say a dog’s learning ability depends on what you’re hoping the dog can do and the kind of smarts they need to pull it off.

“The way we think about intelligence in dogs nowadays is that there are a lot of different intelligences,” says Vanessa Woods, co-author of “Puppy Kindergarten” and director of Duke University’s Puppy Kindergarten. This research program collaborates with  Eyes, Ears, Nose and Paws to study the cognitive development of puppies to identify clues that could make them better candidates for service dogs.

Humans and dogs share similarities in their cognitive development. “It’s the way you take in information from your five senses, that you see, hear, smell, taste, and feel, and use that to navigate your world and solve problems around you,” Woods says.

Each individual’s cognitive profile is what makes us—and our dogs—unique, with different intelligences, strengths, and weaknesses.

“Some people are really good socially but may not be very good at math. Someone good at expressing themselves orally may not be the best writer,” Woods says.

While comparing dog intelligence to humans has some analogies, there’s no quantifiable dog IQ number or SAT-score equivalent. However, scientists do have tools to evaluate how a dog’s mind works.

How Do Scientists Measure Dog Intelligence?

Woods and her team found that unlocking a dog’s abilities is similar to the challenges parents face: the goal is to find where they succeed.

“We really study dogs the way that we study young children,” Woods says. “We present them with a problem or a choice, and then we see how they solve it.”

One dog problem-solving experiment is the “cup test.” Researchers hide food under one of two cups, making sure the dog sees which cup it’s under, and then point to the cup without the food.

“If dogs follow their memory and pick the cup with the food, they may be more assertive and independent thinkers,” Woods says. “They may make good detection dogs.”

But if the dog chooses the cup without the food, that could indicate they’re trusting the information humans give to them, a quality important for companion or assistance dogs.

“Success is that you are well fitted to the environment that you’re in,” Woods says. “What we’re trying to figure out is how to find the best dog for the best job, sort of like early career aptitude.”

Another aptitude assessment Wood’s team uses is “the impossible test.” They put food in a Tupperware container and snap it shut.

Dogs who dive into trying to open the box may be more assertive and driven. But dogs that don’t react and make eye contact with humans to seek direction show strong dog communication skills.

The key to measuring dog intelligence is identifying areas where a dog thrives and working with them to reach their potential.

Types of Canine Intelligence

Dr. Stanley Coren, professor emeritus in the Department of Psychology at the University of British Columbia, an esteemed researcher and writer on dogs, presented three main pillars of canine intelligence in his book The Intelligence of Dogs.

The three types of intelligence are:

Instinctive Intelligence

Instinctive intelligence in dogs refers to what they were bred to do, for example, herding dogs herd and retrievers retrieve.

“You can usually catch this very early in a dog’s life,” Dr. Coren says. “I have seen retrievers at the age of six weeks run out and retrieve something, and he didn’t open his eyes until he was five weeks of age.”

Adaptive Intelligence

Adaptive intelligence in dogs refers to how quickly a pup adapts to what they learn in their environment and solves problems. Dog memory is important.

“Think of it as street smarts,” Dr. Coren says. “Adaptive intelligence is how a dog will solve new problems and use the abilities he’s learned.”

Working and Obedience Intelligence

Working and obedience intelligence reflect the dog’s cooperation skills and how well they learn commands.

“This is the type of intelligence people tend to care about the most,” Dr. Coren says. “It includes the ability to follow instructions humans give them.”

But what else signals a dog is bright?

Signs of a Smart Dog

Experts say there’s a range of signs that smart dogs exhibit, noting there’s no such thing as a dumb dog; all dogs have different talents. If you’re looking to determine what kinds of intelligence your dog might have, ask yourself the following questions:

  • Does the dog have a good understanding of language and human gestures?
  • Does the dog demonstrate cooperation skills, sociability, and emotional awareness?
  • Do they learn tricks, cues, and solve problems quickly?
  • Do they demonstrate balanced dog social skills with people and other dogs?

The key to a successful relationship is making sure your pup’s intelligence matches your lifestyle, and your dog’s emotional and enrichment needs are being met.

“There are situations where some dogs are going to thrive,” Woods says. “If a dog is herding sheep and running 20 miles a day, that’s going to be amazing for one dog, but if you put that dog in an apartment and expect them to be in a crate eight hours a day, then that dog’s really going to struggle.”

Breed Differences: Which Dogs Are the Smartest?

The impact of breed on intelligence is a widely discussed topic.

Decades ago, Dr. Coren published a now well-known list ranking the working and obedience intelligence of purebred dogs.

“I contacted every single dog obedience judge in the U.S. and Canada,” Dr. Coren says. “Ultimately, I got complete rankings from 209 dog judges. They filled in a complex and time-consuming questionnaire, in which they ranked various dog breeds.”

Border Collies, Poodles, German Shepherds, Golden Retrievers, and Doberman Pinschers ranked among the brightest dogs.

The Borzoi, Chow, Bulldog, Basenji, and Afghan Hound ended up at the bottom of the list.

These days, researchers are using canine cognition labs and citizen science (public participation) to study dogs and the potential impact of breed on intelligence.

While breed may play a role in a dog’s instinctive behavior, training, socialization, and cognitive enrichment are all critical components, and of course, every dog is different.

Dr. Coren recommends choosing a dog whose temperament fits your family well, rather than choosing dogs ranked highly for intelligence who may need a lot of stimulation.

“Many need a job to do; if they get bored, they may shred your furniture,” Dr. Coren says. “Some of the dogs at the bottom of the list make wonderful companions. The different intelligences make a difference in the dog’s abilities and also what you might want out of the dog.”

Famous Examples of Smart Dogs

Some real-life famous smart dogs have astounded researchers, like Rico and Chaser.

Rico, a Border Collie in Germany, became famous for his incredible ability to understand language. He knew more than 200 different words, all toy names, which he could fetch even four weeks after initially being exposed to the word.

Another Border Collie, Chaser, is considered the smartest dog in the world. She was trained by behavioral psychologist John W. Pilley in South Carolina.

Chaser knew the meaning of 1022 words; the names of her toys, which she could identify and retrieve. Chaser had the largest memory of any animal tested and mastered a dog’s understanding of language.

Pilley co-authored a book about her astonishing skills, Chaser: Unlocking the Genius of the Dog Who Knows a Thousand Words.

How to Test Your Dog’s Intelligence at Home

Could you have a smarty-pup like Rico or Chaser in the making? How can you test your dog’s intelligence? Woods suggests trying the impossible task and cup test mentioned in this article. “It shows you whether your dog is a really independent problem solver or whether they rely on you,” she says.

Dognition, co-designed by Woods’ husband Brian Hare, Ph.D., director of the Duke Canine Cognition Center, offers 20 games to play with your dog at home and gives you a report assessing your dog’s “unique genius.”

Dr. Coren’s book includes a list of 12 tests.

College canine cognition labs, like Occidental College, are often looking for pet parents to participate in research testing dog intelligence.

Can You Improve Your Dog’s Intelligence?

Experts say nurturing dogs’ cognitive abilities through training, play, and mental stimulation keeps their minds active and could improve their intelligence.

You can try puzzle games, food-foraging toys, and enrichment activities.

“I think that traditionally, the way owners have engaged with their dogs has been really passive, like, throwing balls or taking them around the block while you read your phone,” Woods says. “These cognitive games not only keep their minds active, but it also improves your relationship, and gives you a window into how your dog thinks.”

How Smart Are Dogs?

How smart is your dog? Every pup has their distinct genetic makeup, training, and background. It’s what makes them your treasured family member.

While intelligence comes in many forms, if you can unlock and appreciate your dog’s unique inner genius, it may strengthen the bond between you both.

What To Do if Your Dog is Hyperventilating

A dog might be hyperventilating due to any number of reasons.
It can be easy to mistake a hyperventilating dog for one who is panting normally. If you see your dog breathing heavily, keep a close eye to make sure their respiratory rate returns to normal once they’ve settled down and cooled off. Credit: Faba-Photograhpy | Getty Images

Dogs naturally breathe faster when they are hot, excited, or recovering from exercise, but persistent rapid breathing can sometimes signal a more serious problem. Knowing the difference between normal panting and true hyperventilation can help you recognize when your dog needs veterinary attention.

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Smart Dog Door Buying Guide

Smart dog doors offer improvements over the doggie doors of yesteryear.
The most obvious first feature in choosing a doggy smart door is the size of the door itself. Credit: AscentXmedia

As our homes have become smarter, so has the humble push dog door. Today’s smart dog doors are no longer simple holes in a wall or a door covered with thick rubber. Rather, they are sophisticated access-control systems that combine advanced home security and safety. They can stop neighbor’s dogs, raccoons, and determined thieves from entering your home via your doggie smart door. They can be aesthetically pleasing to your home’s environment as well. But there’s not a one-size-fits-all option.

Your choice depends heavily on what type of electronic access you want and where you’re going to install the doggy door. The RFID collar Electronic Door from PlexiDor is our favorite because you can install it in the wall (the easiest place to install), and it operates by reading a tag on your dog’s collar. Easy-peasy, but expensive (comparatively). However, if your outside access point is a sliding glass door, keep looking.

If you’re not into electronics, a magnet door like the Endura Flap Thermo Planel 3e is simple, provided you install it in a sliding glass door.

Start your search by determining the size you need (your dog’s size), the location (door, wall, glass door), and the access type you’re most comfortable with (manual, app-based, push-open rubber, etc.). This purchase requires some self-education, especially with premium models running $2,800 or more.

With this short course on smart doors for doggy access, you’ll be well-equipped to pick the best smart dog door for your home.

What Is a “Smart” Dog Door?

Rubber flap dog doors don't offer the same security and access that smart dog doors do.
Although still available, the rubber flap door is rather outdated, as smart doors offer strong advantages like security for a reasonable price.
Credit: RockK Photography } Getty Images

Smart doors rely on technologies such as microchips embedded in our dogs for identification purposes. These ISO-standard microchips are small, electronic chips enclosed in a glass cylinder that is about the same size as a grain of rice. according to the American Veterinary Medical Foundation (AVMF). Teamed with smart dog doors, the chips eliminate the need for extra collars and ensure the door remains locked for neighborhood cats or curious raccoons, possums, and other creatures of the night.

If your dog isn’t chipped, Bluetooth or radio frequency identification (RFID) tags used for retail and supply-chain tracking attach to a collar to provide an external solution. These are designed to provide a more consistent range, allowing the door to unlatch as the dog approaches rather than waiting for them to press their nose against the flap.

Some doors feature sensors on both sides of the door, allowing you to set specific curfews or exit-only modes useful if you want your dog to come in for the night but stay inside once they’ve entered.

Types of Smart Dog Doors

Here’s a rundown on the type of smart dog doors:

RFID collar: A radio-frequency identification tag unlocks the door when it detects digitally paired tag within close range. (See PlexiDor Electronic Door.)

Manual 3-flap: A nonelectronic design that uses three sequential flaps designed to create an insulating air pocket that your dog must push through.  (No models included in this review.)

Manual Fle: A traditional, low-tech option that has a single flexible plastic flap that relies on gravity and magnets to keep the door shut after a dog passes. (See Endura Flap Thermo Panel 3e and Solo Pet Doors Automatic Door.)

Microchip/app: Leverages your dog’s permanent vet-implanted identification chip to grant access, often paired with an app for remote monitoring and scheduling. (See Sure Petcare Microchip Connect.)

Automatic: A motorized system that detects a signal and physically lifts or slides the door open so the dog can walk through without pushing. (See High Tech Pet Power Pet Patio.)

Apps

  • Ultrasonic: Uses high-frequency sound waves emitted from a collar tag to trigger the door. (See High Tech Pet Power Pet WiFi.)
  • Motion: Uses infrared or microwave sensors to detect movement near the door, combined with app-based timers to toggle the sensors on or off. (See Wayzn Smart Door 2.)
  • UWB tag: Uses ultra-wideband technology for accurate spatial tracking to ensure the door opens only when your dog is facing it and within inches. (see Pawport Smart Pet Door.)
  • Bluetooth: Combines Bluetooth connectivity with smartphone app or digital fob to allow for proximity entry and guest access management. (See PetSafe SmartDoor Connected.)

Safety First for Doggie Doors

A too small smart dog door can deny your dog easy access to the outdoors.
The size of the door matters. Your dog needs to comfortably fit through it, unlike this little guy trying to use a cat door. Credit: Charmian Perkins | Getty Images

While your temptation may be to replace an existing door with a new intelligent model, placement is a critical factor in both home efficiency and security.

Security experts suggest installing a smart door in a transitional space like a laundry room or a mudroom, which provides an extra layer of insulation and security. This keeps muddy paws (and potential security risks) contained in a secondary area of the home.

Key Decisions Before You Buy a Smart Dog Door

The first decision you need to make is whether to go with an in-door or in-wall unit. In-door models are generally easier for do-it-yourself (DIY) installation but can potentially compromise the structural integrity.

In-wall installations typically require a bit more effort—specifically framing and sealing—but offer a cleaner aesthetic and allow for more flexible placement away from main traffic areas.

Smart doors require a nearby outlet to power the motorized bolts and sensors. While battery backups are standard for power outages, planning for a dedicated power source is a step often overlooked in the planning phase.

Here’s a rundown on installation types:

Door or Wall

  • Standard: A unit framed into a standard exterior door or cut directly into a wall using an optional tunnel extension.
  • Specialized: These units often include specialized mounting hardware or telescoping tunnels to ensure a flush, weather-tight fit across varying material thicknesses.
  • Integrated: Designed to become a permanent part of house’s structure, often requiring professional framing and siding work for a seamless finish.
  • Self-framing: A DIY-friendly design that includes its own internal frame to hide rough cuts in your door or drywall without needing additional trim.

Sliding Glass

  • Panel insert: A vertical, pre-glassed insert that fits into your existing sliding door track, requiring no cutting but reducing the width of your human walkway.
  • Sash: A specialized insert designed specifically for the height and track depth of sliding glass systems to provide a semi-permanent entry point.
  • Spring-loaded: A tool-free installation that uses a spring-loaded top to pop into the sliding door track for easy removal and portability.
  • Dual-pane insert: A premium track insert featuring tempered dual-pane glass to match the thermal efficiency and aesthetic of high-end patio doors.
  • Automatic rail: Attaches to the top of a sliding door rail to automate the heavy glass door itself rather than adding a smaller flap.
  • Door/Wall/Glass: An adaptable system designed with modular mounting kits that allow for installation in nearly any flat surface, including custom glass-cut applications.
  • Retrofit/Wall: A conversion kit that replaces a specific component of your existing home structure or utilizes a dedicated wall-entry tunnel for maximum security and insulation.

Security for a Dog Automatic Door

For many homeowners, the primary hesitation to installing a pet door isn’t the construction. It’s the security risk. A traditional plastic flap is, essentially, an unlocked window at ground level. However, modern smart doors are designed to close the vulnerability gap.

“Unlike a basic plastic flap, smart dog doors use motorized bolts that lock as soon as the door closes,” says Laura Finson, director of strategy at Brinks Home. “Some also have selective access, opening only for your pet’s specific microchip or collar tag.”

She adds that while these doors are often constructed from reinforced acrylic or metal—making them difficult to kick in—they should still be viewed as a strategic entry point.  “The reality is that while these doors are strong, a hole in the wall is never as secure as a solid wall or a deadbolted door. Therefore, it’s smart to install them in a mudroom or laundry room, rather than a main entry point to keep your home secure.” This creates an internal buffer zone.

Doggie Door Security to Symptom Tracking

Smart dog door technology is also evolving from simple access to sophisticated health monitoring. Most high-end smart doors log each entry and exit on a smartphone app, which means they also collect data on a dog’s daily habits.

This data could soon become a tool for preventative care. “While these systems don’t yet interpret that data for patterns that would signal potential health issues, the technology is not far off,” Finson says.

Smart Doors Give Older Dogs an Assist

While security and convenience are the primary drivers for most smart door purchases, they also offer a quality-of-life benefit for aging pets. Traditional heavy flaps require a certain amount of physical strength and push from the dog’s neck and shoulders to open.

For a senior dog with arthritis, for example, that resistance can be a barrier to regular relief.  “Older or infirm pets may not have the strength to open a regular pet door and will appreciate an electronic door that opens automatically by reading a microchip,” according to VCA Animal Hospitals.

Because electronic doors unlatch and open automatically via the microchip sensor, they provide a “frictionless” exit. This allows older dogs to maintain their independence and manage their own potty breaks without needing a human to assist with a heavy door, which is a crucial component of maintaining a senior dog’s dignity and muscle tone.

Sizing and Installing Your New Dog Door

Once you’ve selected a door, the installation process is typically an intermediate-level DIY project. According to installation experts at Lowe’s, the process generally takes a few hours and requires a standard toolkit including a jigsaw, drill, and sandpaper.

A key takeaway for homeowners is the importance of the 3-inch rule: The template for the door should be placed at least 3 inches above the bottom edge of the door to maintain structural integrity. If you have steel-clad exterior doors, Lowe’s recommends using metal-cutting blades and drill bits to ensure a clean finish. Finally, to prevent your smart home from becoming a drafty home, add weatherproof caulk around the exterior frame, according to Lowe’s.

Hiring Help for Installing a Dog Door

If you’re not the DIY type, many smart dog door vendors offer option to have professionals handle installation. You can also, of course, arrange the installation yourself.

Based on 2026 from service and labor aggregator, Angi, cost for using a third-party to install your dog door typically starts around $100 for a basic model. More complex doors usually range from $400 to $1,600 because of framing and potentially dealing with electrical or plumbing lines.

However, a top-of-the-line electronic system integrated into a concrete wall can exceed $3,500 based labor and costs, according to Angi data.

Bottom Line on Smart Dog Doors

With so many variables in what you need for your house—and your dog—it’s impossible to give you a “this is the best choice for everyone recommendation.”  You need to select a door that’s made for your desired placement, meets your electronic needs, and fits your budget.

Product NameManufacturerAccess TypeInstall StyleStandout FeaturesPrice Range
Automatic DoorSolo Pet DoorsMagnetic tagDoor or wallGravity-closed motorized door; ultra-quiet.$450 – $650
Electronic DoorPlexiDorRFID collarDoor or wallHeavy-duty; bulletproof-style composite.$2,400 – $2,800
Power Pet WiFiHigh Tech PetApp / ultrasonicDoor or wallFully motorized vertical lift; safety retract.$580 – $770
SmartDoor ConnectedPetSafeApp , Bluetooth keyDoor or wallRemote locking andusage logs via app.$350 – $450
Microchip ConnectSure PetcareMicrochip, appDoor, wall or glassMonitors behavior trends & activity levels.$280 – $320
Smart Pet DoorPawportApp / UWB tagRetrofit wallFits over existing flaps; UWB range control.$699 – $850
Power Pet PatioHigh Tech PetAutomaticSliding glassMotorized lift for sliding glass tracks.$770 – $1,250
Smart Door 2WayznApp / motionSliding glassConverts your existing door to automatic.$550 – $600
Thermo Panel 3eEndura FlapManual (Magnet)Sliding glassHigh-wind resistance; best manual seal.$580 – $750

Hematochezia in Dogs and Causes of Rectal Bleeding

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Hematochezia in dogs can have many causes.
It’s always a good idea to keep an eye on your dog’s stool. If you notice blood, it may be time to talk with your vet. Credit: Brian Husband / 500px | Getty Images

A dog bleeding from the butt could be a simple case of mild irritation, or it could indicate a serious clotting disorder. If your dog just has mild intermittent bleeding, he probably has a minor issue such as intestinal worms or an impacted anal gland. If the bleeding is severe or he has other signs of illness, call your veterinarian immediately.

Hematochezia in Dogs

Hematochezia is when there is bright red, fresh blood in your dog’s stool. You might notice the blood as your dog defecates, but more likely you will spot it as you scoop or bag the poop for disposal.

Bright red blood on or in the stool comes from either the colon (large intestine) or your dog’s rectum or anus. Blood from the small intestines will appear dark and tarry when passed in the stool and is called melena. Why the color difference? Blood that originates in the small intestines gets partially digested before it is passed in the stool whereas blood from the large intestine and beyond is passed fresh.

Rectal Bleeding in Dogs

A dog bleeding from the butt does not have to be associated with defecation. You might notice a small trail of blood from your dog’s anus, or blood spotting when he sits or lies down. This type of bleeding is usually due to an issue in the perianal area on your dog’s back end near his anus, or from just inside the rectum.

Why is My Dog Bleeding from the Butt?

There are many potential causes for hematochezia and rectal bleeding in dogs such as:

  • Dietary indiscretion
  • Intestinal obstruction
  • Trauma to the intestines, rectum, or perianal area
  • Internal parasites
  • Constipation
  • Diarrhea
  • Impacted or infected anal sac(s)
  • Ruptured anal sac(s)
  • Ulcers within the digestive tract
  • Perianal fistulae
  • Irritable bowel disease (IBD)
  • Acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome (AHDS)
  • Viral diseases such as parvovirus, especially in unvaccinated puppies
  • Clotting disorders due to toxicity, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, Von Willebrand disease, etc.
  • Cancer in the GI tract or perianal area

If your dog is acting normal, or just has mild diarrhea, you can drop a stool sample off at your veterinary office. The staff will do a fecal exam to check for parasites.

If the bloody stool persists more than a day or two or if your dog is showing other signs of illness, he will need a veterinary exam to figure out what is going on. Your vet will ask questions about your dog’s behavior and recent activities, stool quality, and any changes in his routine (including getting into something).

Some tests your vet may recommend include:

  • Fecal exam
  • Anal sac expression
  • Rectal exam
  • X-rays and/or ultrasound
  • Bloodwork
  • Parvo test
  • Endoscopy or colonoscopy

The exact tests will depend on what symptoms your dog is showing and which problem(s) your veterinarian thinks is the most likely cause.

Causes of Hematochezia in Dogs

Intestinal Parasites

Intestinal parasites can range from worms to protozoa and several types can cause hematochezia in dogs. Any dog living in any location can be exposed to these parasites! Most worms are spread in feces, so dogs can contract them by sniffing infected feces from wildlife, other dogs, or cats. Protozoa such as giardia can also be picked up from contaminated water and soil. Puppies and immunocompromised dogs are at highest risk of illness from a heavy parasite load.

Dogs with a heavy parasite load may lose weight or, in the case of young puppies, fail to thrive and grow normally.

Many parasites can be prevented with regular deworming. If your dog is not on a regular deworming schedule, or if he has a parasite that isn’t covered by your usual product, your veterinarian will prescribe an appropriate treatment.

Poop Woes

Both constipation (large, hard stools that are difficult to pass) and diarrhea (soft, loose stools) can cause bleeding as your dog strains to defecate. In most cases where there is just a small amount of blood in or on the stool, the blood is not a big deal—focus on getting treatment for the constipation or diarrhea and the bleeding will resolve.

A large amount of blood in or on the stool, or bloody stool that persists for several days, may be more significant. Heavy bleeding when defecating could indicate an injury within the rectum or colon or a health condition that is causing bleeding within those organs.

Both constipation and diarrhea can be helped by giving a probiotic or some plain canned pumpkin on a regular basis. Severe constipation may require enemas at the vet clinic or manual deobstipation under sedation. Your vet may also prescribe laxatives. Severe diarrhea may require medications from your vet. Vomiting and diarrhea at the same time is an emergency.

Anal Sac Problems

The anal sacs are located just inside your dog’s anus and are supposed to empty a bit each time your dog poops. This material is what gives your dog’s stool its lovely aroma. The anal sacs can become impacted for a number of reasons, which in turn leads to buildup, discomfort, and eventually infection or rupture of the sacs.

Scooting is a very common sign of anal sac issues, but you may also see your dog licking and chewing at his back end frequently or notice reddened skin around the anus. You may also see foul-smelling discharge from the anus, potentially tinged with blood. The blood may be from the irritated anal sacs themselves, or from damage to the anus as your dog licks and chews at the area.

Your veterinarian will palpate the anal glands and express them manually if needed. In case of infection or rupture, pain meds and antibiotics will be prescribed.

Intestinal Obstruction

If your dog ate something he shouldn’t have and it is stuck in his GI tract, this can cause diarrhea with or without blood, vomiting, weight loss, and lethargy. Make note of anything that goes missing in your home or yard, especially if your dog likes to chew.

Obstructions can often be seen on x-rays. The item might pass on its own or require removal via endoscopy, colonoscopy, or abdominal surgery. Linear foreign bodies, such as string, fishing line, rope, or tinsel, require immediate surgical intervention to prevent severe damage to the intestines.

Perianal Fistulae

A perianal fistula is a draining tract located around the anus. This is an autoimmune disorder most common in German Shepherd Dogs, but any dog can be affected. Dogs usually have multiple open crevices around the anus which drain pus and blood. This condition is extremely painful, and the dogs often struggle to defecate.

Perianal fistulae often cannot be cured and require lifelong treatment with immunomodulating medications such as cyclosporine.

Irritable Bowel Disease

IBD is a frustrating condition as it is difficult to diagnose and to manage. Affected dogs often experience chronic diarrhea—which may or may not be accompanied by hematochezia—weight loss, and may have poor appetite or energy levels. They may also vomit frequently. IBD is considered an autoimmune disorder and food allergies or intolerances can play a role.

Treatment often consists of diet trials, prescription food, probiotics, immune medications, and/or other medications depending on the case.

Acute Hemorrhagic Diarrhea Syndrome

Also known as hemorrhagic enteritis or hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome (AHDS) is when the dog has severe bloody, watery diarrhea due to intestinal inflammation and bleeding. AHDS can occur on its own, or may be concurrent with IBD, parvovirus, or pancreatitis.

Dogs with AHDS are often very sick, and also likely to vomit (possibly with blood). AHDS is an emergency as the dog can become dehydrated and go into shock quickly. Treatment consists of hospitalization with IV fluids, pain and antinausea medications, and probiotics.

Parvovirus

Parvo is an extremely contagious viral disease in canines that causes severe diarrhea and lethargy. If left untreated it is often fatal, especially in puppies.

If your puppy has not completed his parvo vaccine series and has more than one bout of diarrhea, with or without blood, this is an emergency.

Treatment consists of supportive care (often in the hospital), fluid therapy, antinausea medications, and antibiotics. There is a monoclonal antibody injection that can help to reduce viral replication, but this is not widely available and is expensive.

Parvo can be prevented with vaccination. All healthy dogs and puppies should be vaccinated against parvo, both to protect the individual dog and to keep puppies and immunocompromised dogs in our communities safe from this disease.

Clotting Disorders

Clotting issues can be caused by genetic disorders such as Von Willebrand disease, acquired diseases such as Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, or consuming a toxic substance such as rat poison.

If your dog is not clotting normally, you may notice blood on his stool, bleeding from the rectum, bruising on his body, or pinpricks of red across large areas of his body. Cuts and scrapes may bleed longer than expected.

Treatment will vary depending on why your dog is not clotting normally. Emergency care and blood transfusion may be necessary in some cases.

Cancer

Malignant tumors within the GI tract or in your dog’s perianal area can either bleed or cause bleeding in the surrounding tissues. Dogs with cancer often experience unexplained weight loss and may be lethargic with a poor appetite. Depending on the location of the tumor, you may see a visible mass on your dog’s back end that is ulcerated and irritated, or may just see periodic bleeding from the anus.

Perianal tumors and anal sac tumors can often be removed surgically. In intact male dogs, perianal adenomas are a benign tumor that can be cured with castration. Chemotherapy, radiation, and supportive care may all be options depending on your dog’s exact tumor type and overall condition.

Minor Causes Hematochezia in Dogs

If your dog seems happy and healthy and just has a little blood on his stool, he probably either ate something that he shouldn’t have that scraped or irritated his GI tract or had a particularly large and firm stool that damaged his anus as he strained to defecate. Something like this that happens only rarely is nothing to worry about, but if it happens frequently, talk to your veterinarian.

Treatment for a Dog Bleeding from the Anus

Treatment will vary depending on what has caused your dog to bleed rectally or have blood on his stool. Minor GI upset can usually be treated by feeding a bland diet for a few days until your dog is passing normal stools. More serious illnesses may require medications and/or supportive care from your veterinarian.

When to See a Vet About Rectal Bleeding or Blood in Your Dog’s Stool

Call your veterinarian if your dog:

  • Has had mild bleeding from the rectum or blood in his stool for more than 48 hours
  • Has severe rectal bleeding or diarrhea
  • Is both vomiting and has diarrhea
  • Has chronic weight loss along with bloody stool
  • Scoots his butt and has bloody stool
  • Has obvious crevices, sores, ulcers, or lumps around his anus

The Best Dog Sunscreen

If your dog is prone to sunburn then the best dog sunscreens can help protect him.
If your dog is prone to sunburn, a good sunscreen can help. We tested four dog sunscreens to find the best options for summer sun protection. Credit: Jae Thomas
If your dog spends a lot of time outdoors, a good sunscreen can help protect them. Here are some of our favorites.
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